Could Catalyst Grinding Cause Deactivation of Steam Reforming Catalysts?
1. Insufficient Dehydration Before Use:
The effective component of the steam reforming catalyst nickel (Ni), is supported on alumina or silica-alumina carriers.
These porous materials have strong waterabsor bing properties, up to 35%.
During startup, when the hot medium contacts the catalyst that has not been adequately dehydrated, the moisture in the catalyst rapidly vaporizes. The rear catalyst, which hasn't come into contact with the medium, remains cold. Condensation and adsorption of descending water vapor release a significant amount of heat, leading to thermal stress and catalyst "thermal breakdown."
2. Improper Operation: Improper handling during production can also cause catalyst grinding. Firstly, steam containing water vapor may cause problems if it hasn’t been sufficiently preheated and condensed before introduction. When water in the steam contacts the high-temperature catalyst, it can cause grinding. Additionally, significant fluctuations in feed rates, rapid pressure changes, or too fast temperature changes during operation can damage the catalyst to varying degrees.
3. Frequent Start-Stop Cycles: Frequent startup and shutdown cycles lead to catalyst breakage. During the startup heating process, the furnace tubes expand due to heat. The catalyst's expansion rate is smaller than that of the furnace tubes. Consequently, the catalyst particles tend to sink in the furnace tubes. When the furnace tubes locally cool down or completely cool down, tube contraction subjects these catalyst particles to pressure, causing them to break. According to reports, the force generated during furnace tube contraction is equivalent to 1000 times the compressive strength of the catalyst particles. Therefore, the more accidents and shutdowns, the more catalyst breakage occurs.






