What Is The Production Process of Atmospheric and Vacuum Distillation

Crude oil generally contains salt and water, which can lead to corrosion of equipment. Therefore, before entering atmospheric pressure, crude oil is first subjected to desalination and dehydration pretreatment, usually adding demulsifier and water.

The crude oil passes through the flow meter, the heat exchange part, and the distillation tower to form two parts. 

One part forms the top oil, passing through the cooler, the flow meter, and finally enters the tank area. This part is chemical light oil (called naphtha);

One part forms the bottom oil, and then passes through the heat exchange part, entering the atmospheric furnace and the atmospheric tower, forming three parts, one part diesel oil, one part wax oil, and one part tower bottom oil; 

The remaining bottom oil is further processed through a vacuum furnace and a vacuum tower to generate reduced line, wax oil, residual oil and asphalt.

The respective yields: naphtha (light gasoline or chemical light oil) accounts for about 1%, diesel accounts for about 20%, wax oil accounts for about 30%, residual oil and asphalt account for about 42%, and minus one line accounts for about 5%.

The atmospheric and vacuum process does not produce gasoline products, in which the wax oil and residual oil enter the catalytic cracking process to produce gasoline, diesel, kerosene and other refined oils;The naphtha is directly sold by other small enterprises to produce solvent oil or enter the next step of deep processing.Generally, they will produce solvent oil or extract extractive compounds by catalytic reforming.Minus one line can be directly adjusted into lubricating oil.